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MXene-bio composite coatings: advancing sustainable fire retardancy
Researchers explore MXene-bio composite coatings that combine advanced flame retardancy with environmental sustainability, achieving significant reductions in heat and smoke release while enhancing self-extinguishing properties.
MXenes, a class of two-dimensional materials known for their exceptional versatility, have revolutionised applications ranging from energy storage to water purification. Their integration into fire-retardant coatings has shown remarkable effectiveness, yet concerns over toxicity, environmental impact, and hazardous synthesis methods persist. A recent review by Ghorbanizamani and Moulahoum highlights the potential of bio-based additives to address these challenges, paving the way for more sustainable fire-retardant technologies.
Bio-derived materials, including plant-based additives such as lignin, cellulose, and soy protein, as well as animal-derived components like DNA, casein, and chitosan, have demonstrated synergistic effects when combined with MXenes. These composites deliver impressive flame retardancy, achieving reductions in peak heat release rate (PHRR) of up to 83 %, total heat release (THR) of 69 %, and total smoke release (TSR) exceeding 85 %. Furthermore, they exhibit limiting oxygen index (LOI) values surpassing 45 %, indicating strong self-extinguishing behaviour and enhanced thermal stability.
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Environmental benefits and challenges
In addition to their fire-retardant efficacy, MXene-bio composite coatings offer substantial environmental advantages. By replacing synthetic additives with biodegradable and renewable components, these systems reduce their environmental footprint. However, the review also highlights key challenges, including the development of scalable and eco-friendly synthesis methods and navigating regulatory requirements for wider adoption.
The findings emphasise the importance of advancing sustainable practices in the coatings industry while maintaining high-performance standards. MXene-bio composites represent a promising step forward in addressing both fire safety and environmental concerns.
Source: Ghorbanizamani, F. & Moulahoum, H., MXene-bio composite coatings for advanced sustainable fire retardancy at surfaces and interfaces. J. Coat. Technol. Res., 23, 21–54 (2026).
