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European Coatings Conference
Extra
Pre-Conference Tutorial
26 November 2008
Berlin, Germany
Main conference
"Polymeric Nanostructures II"
27/28 November 2008
Berlin, Germany
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 Welcome
At a Glance
Tutorial
Abstracts
Delegates Section
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| Events > European Coatings Conferences > Polymeric Nanostructures II > Abstracts |
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MAIN CONFERENCE: Abstracts
| THURSDAY, 27 November 2008 |
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| SESSION I: Materials and Structures |
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New Materials based on melamine resins and blockcopolymers dispersions
Björn Weber, University of Paderborn, Germany
Acid catalyzed condensation of hexa methoxy methyl melamine (HMMM) in aqueous phase leads to new functional particles and up to now unknown lamellar mesoscopic gels. Investigation with TEM showed that polymer formation starts with non spherical nanoparticles. AFM measurements revealed nonuniform flat particles with an aspect ratio of about 0,3. These nanoparticle dispersions form thermo reversible gels. Molecular modeling investigations give an indication for energy minimized layer by layer condensation of the melamine crosslinker molecules. Out of these platelet structures as precursors a mesoporous gel with essentially lamellar sides and pore sizes about 10 µm is formed. SEM studies showed very uniform wall and plate sizes with a directed 3- dimensional structure.
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Core-Shell-Nanoadditives - Pre-dispersed Nanomaterials to improve scratch resistance of clear coatings
Thomas Sawitowski, BYK GmbH, Germany
Nanomaterials are expected to be widely used in paints, coatings, and plastics applications in the near future. Improving or modifying polymer properties with nanoscale metal oxides is one of the first areas where nanoscience turns into nanotechnology. Protecting surfaces from mechanical, chemical and physical damage is the key function of coatings. Especially high transparent, high gloss clear coatings are designed to protect the substrate or the paint layer underneath against those influences but at the same time the appearance of for example the wood or automotive base coat should not be altered. Novel core-shell nanomaterials improve significantly the scratch resistance of clear coats at dosage levels below 3%. In this presentation the effect of tailoring the surface treatment of nanoparticles on scratch resistance will be explained.
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Nanostructured polymer brushes and hybrid-dendrons: From nanoparticles to ultrathin smart coatings
Prof. Rigoberto Advincula, University of Houston, USA
This talk will describe efforts towards grafting polymers and functional dendrons onto nanoparticles and flat surfaces for the formation of smart nanostructured functional coatings and nanocomposites. Grafting of polymer comprises of the grafting from, grafting onto, and grafting though approaches. This means that it is possible to carry out surface modification using pre-formed macromolecules or via surface initiated polymerization methods. Solid support substrated can range from plastic, PET to metal surfaces.As such it is possible to tether linear polymers and hyperbranched macromolecules with functionalities towards low energy surfaces or even electrical conductivity. The use of innovate chemistry combined with electrochemical methods and surface sensitive analytical methods allows for a detailed study from materials development and towards practical commercial applications.
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| SESSION II: Methods and Technologies |
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A template-free method of creating nanostructured polymers
Dr. Melik C. Demirel, Pennsylvania State University, USA
The ability to control the physicochemical properties of surfaces is important for many areas, such as biomedical or optical coatings, sensors, and catalyst supports. We have been developing nanostructured polymer thin films based on oblique angle polymerization (OAP) for these applications. [1-3] OAP is a bottom-up approach capable of fabricating high aspect ratio films exhibiting controlled morphologies without the need for complex lithographic processes or templates. Properties of the resulting films, such as wettability, porosity, roughness, reactivity, or crystallinity are readily tuned via choice of deposition conditions and polymer functional groups. In this presentation, we will describe our process for creating nanostructured polymer surfaces and present results concerning the use of controlled wettability, pathogen detection, and catalyst applications.
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Self-assembled polymeric nanostructures
Dr. Harry Heinzelmann, CSEM, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
Self-assembly is an increasingly relevant technique to create micrometer- and nanometer- scale surface patterns. These patterns are generally quite regular, and can often be chemically treated to offer specific functionalities at nanometer sized locations. The fact that expensive lithograpy equipment is not required offers interesting cost reductions in view of potential applications.
This presentation will describe our current R&D efforts in polymeric self-assembly. The resulting structures range from several microns down to tens of nanometers, and can be suitably controlled by the choice of polymeric starting materials and the deposition parameters. The nanoscale topography of these polymer structures influences the overall surface properties, which make these systems interesting for applications where anti-reflective, anti-fogging, or super-hydrophobic properties are desired. Similarly, such nanostructures are being used as interfaces to biological materials, such as for substrates that influence the adhesion, orientation, and growth of cells, with applications in protheses optimization, medical instrument passivation, and tissue engineering. Finally, polymeric nanopatterns are being exploited as etch masks, for cost-effective lithography of nanostructures into silicon based materials, such as nano-pillars or nanoporous membranes for e.g. filtering applications.
These developments were carried out at CSEM in the framework of its basic R&D program as well as of European and Swiss national programs. CSEM is an innovation center collaborating with universities to provide solutions to industry.
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Polymeric nanostructures through accelerated coating R&D with automated high output technologies
Dr. Rolf Gueller*, Michael Schneider, Thomas Schwalbe, Chemspeed Technologies AG, Augst, Switzerland
The use of automated High Output Technologies has expanded from its origins in Biotech and CombiChem into laboratories of many other fields in processing industries. New approaches in Polymer- and Material Sciences strongly affect the Pigment and Coating industry. These have successfully implemented High Output Technologies to significantly increase their productivity.
High Output research instrumentation originated from the goal of accelerating the drug development process. Now technology has progressed and enhanced instrumentation capabilities let to widespread use in Polymer and Material Sciences laboratories. There, the chemical engineering core requirements are multiple dispensing and mixing of liquids, solids as well as gases under controlled conditions.
Additional instrument requirements to the conduct of experimentation strongly depend on the particular workflow, the sequence and nature of both physical and handling steps from the provision of starting materials to the isolation of the desired research entities. Thus, the set of specific application requirements spans over a broad and complex range of unit operations.
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Nanostructured coatings by controlled nucleation of hyperbranched polymers
Dr. Markus Schwarz, Evonik Degussa GmbH, Marl
Hyperbranched polymers have received much attention due to their unique chemical and physical properties as well as their potential applications in coatings, additives, drug delivery and chemical engineering. The highly branched irregularly shaped globular molecular architecture results in a particular combination of properties, such as low melt viscosity and/or solution viscosity, and excellent solubility in numerous solvents.
Usually nanocomposite coatings with well dispersed particles of small size can only be obtained via dispersive and distributive mixing of the nanoparticles in the polymeric matrix. Major drawbacks of conventional techniques are e.g. the high energy demand as well as the need of additional wetting and dispersing additives. Furthermore, "soft" organic nanoparticles would be exposed to strong shear forces with the risk of cracking and/or fragmentation leading to broad size distributions and detrimental material properties.
This contribution will introduce a thermodynamic approach for the generation of new, well defined nanocomposite materials suitable for a variety of coating applications. By means of a thermodynamically controlled nucleation and growth mechanism, organic nanoparticles consisting of hyperbranched polymers are formed and homogeneously distributed within a polymer matrix. The potential of this thermodynamic approach for the engineering of high-performance organic nanocomposite materials will be discussed.
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Manipulating the percolation threshold of carbon nanotubes in polymeric composites prepared via latex-technology
Marie-Claire Hermant, Eindhoven University of Technology, Netherlands
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can be incorporated into polymers in many ways, each leading to composites with varying percolation thresholds ( p). Many of these composites show p values much higher than those theoretically predicted and this has been attributed to interfacial polymeric layers, dynamic percolation and network structure, to name just a few. In this work one technique to prepare conductive CNT - polymer composites, namely latex technology, is utilized with specific focus on methods to reduce the percolation threshold. The application of carbon nanotubes in thin transparent coatings is widely studied as it is theorized that this could ultimately replace indium tin oxide (ITO) (for ultimate use in photovoltaic cells). In most systems studied, carbon nanotubes are dispersed in organic solvents in which the matrix polymer is also soluble. We report the use of the latex technology as a replacement for solvent-based systems.
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Coupling of responsiveness and optical sensing in thin films by immobilization of inorganic nanoparticles on polymer brushes
Dr. Petra Uhlmann, Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research, Dresden, Germany
Polymer brushes are formed by linear polymers tethered by one end to a solid substrate. We report on the immobilization of semiconductor/metal nanoparticles on responsive polymer brushes by covalent or electrostatic interactions at different positions in the brush (only at the free end or distributed along the chain). Analysis of the evolved nanoparticle containing hybride brushes was performed using comprehensive methods as AFM, XPS and TEM. Changes in optical properties of quantum dots/metal nanoparticles after the immobilization was studied by photoluminescence or UV-VIS spectroscopy. The exploitation of such polymer brushes revealed suppressed nanoparticle aggregation and facilitated complete surface coverage. Finally, the systems were used to fabricate nanosensors for solvents or for the pH of the surrounding aqueous medium. The concept is based on the variation of the photoluminescence with changing interparticle distance due to the swelling/deswelling of the responsive polymer brushes.
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| SESSION III: Systems and Concepts |
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Network design on the Nanoscale and Coatings Properties
J. Steinhilber, R. Nothhelfer-Richter, C.D. Eisenbach, Research Institute for Pigments and Coatings (FPL), Stuttgart, Germany
Clear coats need to fulfill a broad range of requirements, one of them being scratch resistant to retain a perfect appearance. However, the knowledge about the materials characteristics that control the scratch resistance is still limited. For a better understanding of the influences of the polymers' chemical and physical structure on scratching performance, model polyurethane networks were prepared to systematically vary network topologies regarding their type of crosslink, the crosslink density and crosslink functionality, and the flexibility of network chains. The scratch resistance of the network films was investigated with the nano scratch test method. The networks' scratching performance could be associated with the network characteristics which in turn are related to the dynamic mechanical properties. The time-temperature superposition principle was applied. The present understanding of the relationship between the scratch resistance and the structural and mechanical properties of the model coatings will be discussed.
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Nanostructured block copolymer films for fouling release application
Prof. Giancarlo Galli, University of Pisa, Italy
With an increasing drive toward environmentally benign non-toxic marine coatings, we are interested in developing novel coatings in which a nanostructured surface can result in improved resistance to and release of marine biofoulig organisms.
In particular, we devised coatings in which surface segregation and structuring of architectures of low surface energy and amphiphilic block copolymers occur at different length scales. We show how the morphological, topological and compositional nanoscale features of the outer surface effect release of marine micro- and macro-organisms in laboratory bioassays. The amphiphilic character of the coatings resulted in distinct performances against organisms with contrasting tendencies to interact with surface.
Work carried out with financial support from the FP6 IP "AMBIO".
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Novel self-healing anticorrosion system based on pH sensitive
polyelectrolyte-inhibitor complexes
Daria Andreeva, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam, Germany
High-value materials, e.g. in automotive and aerospace industry require increasingly sophisticated coating for improved performance, self-repairing and durability, and in this respect recent developments of nanotechnology are most promising. The corrosion processes are accompanied with a number of reactions changing the composition and properties of both metal surface and local environment (e.g., formation of oxides, diffusion of metal cations into the coating matrix, local changes of pH). Here we demonstrated the novel method of corrosion protection based on formation and deposition of polyelectrolyte / inhibitor on metal surfaces. The novel multilayer coating exhibits very high corrosion protection due to: 1) pH buffering activity of polybase and polyacid complex; 2) polyelectrolyte layers form a carrier for inhibitor allowing its release on demand; 3) coating recovery due to relative mobility of polymer chains. The general procedure was demonstrated for a surface important for aircraft industry but is similar applicable for many types of surfaces thus enabling many applications in advanced technologies.
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Ultra thin layers as new concepts for corrosion inhibition and adhesion promotion
Prof. Dr. Hans-Jürgen P. Adler, Technical University of Dresden, Germany
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